is carl epstein related to jeffrey

Epstein was among the small number of refugees licensed to practice medicine in Norway before the German invasion on 9April. Berthold Epstein (1 April 1890 9 June 1962) was a pediatrician, professor, and scientist who was conscripted as a doctor in the Auschwitz concentration camp during World War II. She claimed she was recruited to massage an older man for pay while she was working menial jobs to pay for ballet training in New York. In the wake of the Maxwell verdict, many are looking to Giuffres civil case against. Carl was born on 28 May 1967 in Passaic, New Jersey and is 55 years old as of December 2022. In the wake of the Maxwell verdict, many are looking to Giuffres civil case against Prince Andrew as the next possible step towards justice for Epsteins and Maxwells victims. During Epstein's captivity as a physician at Auschwitz, members of his own family were among the camp's victims. Jason Kravits is a talented actor who has found much success in comedy filmography. They arent related at all. Smile for The Camera Greta, Make it Look Good. Jeffrey Epstein is the former boyfriend of actress Giselle Wexner. His family relocated to Rockville, Maryland, in 1975, where he attended Colonel Zadok A. Magruder High School. 'These actions were within the scope of Staleys employment at JP Morgan. Sign up for notifications from Insider! The article states that he and his wife have 2 daughters and 2 grandsons. It provides validation for fellow believers, Hayden says, and serves to diminish criticism about Trump. During that time, the bank is alleged to have 'serviced approximately 55 Epstein-related accounts collectively worth hundreds of millions of dollars'. RELATED: Jeffrey Epstein Worth $57 Million More Than Previous Estimates, Had His Own Bank That Received Millions After His Death. While his career is an open book, his family life is not. "We now know the judge who signed off on the Mar-a-Lago raid was Jeffrey Epstein's lawyer. "It was the Great Depression, so no . Although the three bear the same surname, only two are blood brothers. pic.twitter.com/SDeF826SFH. The lawyer also accused Dershowitzs defense team of using Wexner as a prop.. Carl Seti @Fishermanx44. Here is the official statement regarding his death from the Federal Bureau of Prisons: On Saturday, August 10, 2019, at approximately 6:30 a.m., inmate Jeffrey Edward Epstein was found. The claim, repeated across fringe threads and deceiving "headlines," is misleading. Today the twins enjoy their teaching job in an elementary school in New Brighton, Minnesota. (One of them died, and another was born in Brooklyn.) The Giuffre/Dershowitz suit will also feature a bit of a cameo from longtime Epstein associate, retail billionaire Leslie Wexner. **The conspiracy subreddit is a thinking ground. The suit initially named Epstein assistant Lesley Groff as a defendant, as well. The lawsuit, filed with the Southern District of New York on Thursday, seeks compensatory damages from Darren Indyke and Richard Kahn as the executors of Epstein's estate and Lesley Groff, who . Before his 2018 arrest, the Miami Herald, which broke many of the stories about Epstein, saw the most online engagement with stories about him. He developed the material for Making Faces with fellow writer-performer Joel Jones. Rule 2 does not apply when replying to this stickied comment. This is a forum for free thinking, not hate speech. ", Jeffrey Epstein has been dead for three years, Jeffrey Epstein Dead By Apparent Suicide At Manhattan Jail, FBI searched former President Donald Trump's Mar-a-Lago home, previously represented some of Epstein's employees, Prince Andrew Steps Back From Public Duties Over Ties To Jeffrey Epstein, What Is QAnon? Theo Epstein will step down from his role as President of Baseball Operations effective Nov. 20 and depart the organization after nine seasons.Jed Hoyer, who joined the club in Nov. 2011 as Executive VP/General Manager, will be named President of Baseball Operations. Post war The suit also stated the HBRK kept damaging files on many of the young female victims and stored large amounts of cash in its offices to ensure that there were funds available to pay and silence victims of Epstein at any given time. (A lawyer for Epsteins estate denied the allegations to, Caroline Kaufman sued the Epstein estate for $500 million in July 2020, claiming Epstein raped her in December 2010, when she was 17 years old, at his Manhattan home during a fake modeling interview. The names of two New York billionaires, Carl Icahn and John Catsimatidis, appear in a newly discovered address book, dating to 1997, that likely belonged to the late financier and sex offender. Caroline Kaufman sued the Epstein estate for $500 million in July 2020, claiming Epstein raped her in December 2010, when she was 17 years old, at his Manhattan home during a fake modeling interview. Jamie Phillips For Mailonline, EXCLUSIVE: Ghislaine Maxwell is hosting ETIQUETTE CLASSES for inmates where she also preaches about women's empowerment and 'maintaining high moral standards' during weekly sessions in an attempt to rebrand as a female role model, Ghislaine Maxwell claims she met the Queen: Disgraced socialite calls it one of the 'greatest honours of my life' and says they chatted about their 'mutual love of horses'. They even featured in the TLC reality series Abby & Brittany, which first aired on 28 August 2012. Dershowitz denied the claims and countersued Giuffre, saying her allegations were lies, disparagement, defamation, harassment, and that shed been pressured by her lawyers to make false accusations against him (accusations which, themselves, drew their own defamation suit from Giuffres lawyer, David Boies). Kaufman finally did agree to a modeling interview with Epstein, and she claimed that when she arrived at Epsteins home, she was introduced to several people, including Prince Andrew. Charles was a renowned geneticist who was targeted by Ted but survived - his timeline of overlap looks off by about a year. Dies geschieht in Ihren Datenschutzeinstellungen. The paper covers a couple of the "victims" being phony. In turn, they feed into fanciful depictions of Trump as a mythic hero, unfairly maligned and cheated out of a second term as he takes on an imagined satanic cabal. She claimed she was recruited to massage an older man for pay while she was working menial jobs to pay for ballet training in New York. [3] [4] Epstein, who was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York City, began his professional life by teaching at the Dalton School in Manhattan, despite lacking a college degree. The filing was made in an an amended complaint by the US territory, which had previously sued JPMorgan over the bank's ties to Epstein. Comedy Festival in Aspen, Co. Have something to tell us about this article? He had been arrested earlier in the year and charged with sex-trafficking minors in Florida and New York, among other offenses. Having survived the war, Epstein later testified in the Soviet war crimes trials on genocide. In death, speculation about his suicide in jail formed an additional layer of conspiratorial fog around his legacy. Send us a tip using our anonymous form. They override "sensitive subjects" with human-decided Bill Gates Demands The Right To Censor Insane People Press J to jump to the feed. Here are five civil cases that are still in federal court against Epsteins estate and associates. They aren't related at all. Billionaires Carl Icahn and John Catsimatidis appear in Jeffrey Epstein's 1997 address book. He lived in Prague for the remainder of his life, serving as chair of the city's Bulovka Hospital pediatric clinic from 1949 until his death in 1962, at the age of 72. GRV Media Ltd, 18 Mulberry Avenue, Widnes. Making Faces won the Best Sketch Show at 1999's U.S. You are already subscribed to our newsletter! The more we learn about the late Jeffrey Epstein's 13 months in so-called custody at the Palm Beach County Stockade, the clearer is the lesson: It definitely helped to be rich, even if you were. As for Carl Epstein's children, he is believed to have one son, Charlie Kravits. The former boss of Barclays is facing new claims he 'personally observed' Jeffrey Epstein abusing young women, according to a victim's lawsuit filed against JP Morgan.. Jes Staley, 66, resigned as . Not long after the amended complaint was filed, a motion to dismiss Does suit was filed, though there still hasnt been a ruling on that. Among the new names are New York billionaires Carl Icahn and John Catsimatidis. Age, parents, education, movies, profiles, net worth, Mampintshas sister Pinki Gumede takes aim at Babes Wodumo following the late Kwaito legends mothers death, Actress Carol Bouwer reportedly next target for SIU, Mzansi reacts to NLC fraud scandal: "Lotto looter", Gucci shoes and sneakers prices in South Africa in 2023: Where to shop, ANC accuses Eskom of sabotaging its chances of winning 2024 elections, DA blames cadre deployment, "My ex took everything away": Lady rejoices after big brother rents shop for her & made her CEO. The lawyer also accused Dershowitzs defense team of using Wexner as a prop.. **The conspiracy subreddit is a thinking ground. Age, height, family, education, career, facts, net worth, Greta Thunberg's net worth, age, parents, house, honors, quotes, profiles, 3 Clips of Nota Baloyi saying A-Reece and his brother Jay Jody owe their success to him trend: "I fathered you guys", Out of Nile, into tile: Young Egyptians battle plastic plague, IEB 2022 matriculants obtain 98.42% pass rate, leaving many impressed: congratulations, How much do dentures cost in South Africa in 2023: what you need to know before buying, Kanye Wests lawyers struggle to reach him, superstars legal team plans to dump him via newspaper ad. Rule 2 does apply throughout the rest of this thread. The US . About 3,000 people died due to this research, which included deliberately infecting healthy individuals.[3][4]. Segn las acusaciones, Epstein utiliz su fortuna y conexiones para atraer a numerosas jvenes . Movies. . After Posobiec and a choir of right-wing publications promoted the "Epstein judge" idea, the real Judge Reinhart was inducted into the growing club of people whose home addresses have appeared in internet message boards alongside calls for execution and anti-Semitic slurs. Insider published the contents of the address book on July 6, the two-year anniversary of Epstein's arrest in 2019. He used the opportunity to point out that Giuffre had not been called as a witness in Maxwells criminal trial, and to suggest this was because she is untruthful. Please contact the moderators of this subreddit if you have any questions or concerns. Jake is a popular Canadian actor who is hailed for playing Alphonso in season 3 of the popular time travel superhero series The Umbrella Academy. "It's a combination of people who are of a harder-edged variety and people who you would not expect to be mingling with them," says Hayden, potentially leading to ever-deeper radicalization. Conjoined twins Abby and Brittany Hensel: Where are they today? However, some fans are wondering whether he and convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein are related. I think we can assume that Charles was also, unless there is compelling evidence otherwise. Watch Now . "We're talking about explicit anti-Semites here wholike to portray Jewish people as being sexually deviantor being predatory, particularly with young women. According to most of Jeffrey Epstein's profiles, Jeffrey had only one brother, Mark Epstein. Menu. While in private practice, federal magistrate judge Bruce Reinhart had previously represented some of Epstein's employees who had also been accused of facilitating sex trafficking. Now that Ghislaine Maxwell has been convicted of helping procure underage girls for abuse by Jeffrey Epstein, the question remains as to what will happen for the rest of Epsteins victims as well as his powerful associates and others who may have helped facilitate the abuse. One of Jeffrey Epstein's child sex trafficking victims, Sarah Ransom, told the court that she "made copies of tapes of high-ranking officials raping children and committing other horrific crimes." Ransom claims that "the footage shows Obama and Michelle having sex with victim. Freelance sports journalist from Derry/Londonderry with experience at Sky Sports News and the International University Sports Federation. In 2001, he was promoted to CEO of JPMorgan Asset Management and ran the division until 2009. In an October 2021 class action lawsuit, a Russian national sued Epsteins estate, alleging that when she was in college in 2017, she had responded to a job posting for a personal assistant, only to be forced into a sexualized massage when she met with Epstein in Paris for what was supposed to be an interview. The 2,000 pages of documents are from a defamation case . 'These communications show a close personal relationship and "profound" friendship between the two men and even suggest that Staley may have been involved in Epstein's sex-trafficking operation', the amendment added. We hope to challenge issues which have captured the publics imagination, from JFK and UFOs to 9/11. World Cup winning midfielder says hes in contact with Mourinho, raves over Tottenham boss, International boss provides fitness update on defender hes sent back to Liverpool early, Chicago poet faces backlash over Barack Obama memoir review, {{^disable_secondary_title}} {{#secondary_title}} {{secondary_title}} {{/secondary_title}} {{^secondary_title}} {{title.raw}} {{/secondary_title}} {{/disable_secondary_title}} {{#disable_secondary_title}} {{ title.raw }} {{/disable_secondary_title}}, 2023 GRV Media Ltd. All Rights Reserved. "It's effective because lots of these things that are said about Epstein's life are, in fact, true. Berthold Epstein (1 April 1890 - 9 June 1962) was a pediatrician, professor, . Briefly.co.za shared a post with the whereabouts of the conjoined twins Abby and Brittany Hensel, who are joined to one torso. Those types of decisions are best made by someone who will be here for a long period rather than just one more year.. Who was Jeffrey Epstein? Earlier this month, prosecutors announced billionaire Jeffrey Epstein was charged, in an unsealed indictment, with sex offenses involving underage girls he and others allegedly trafficked in. On a trip to the Virgin Islands, Priscilla said Maxwell taught her the proper way to give a blow job to Epstein. About a month after Kaufman filed her suit, however, the case was stayed, and theres been no activity on the docket since September 2020 (these were just pro hac vice motions, which have to do with adding lawyers to cases in jurisdictions where they may not be licensed to practice). Above all else, we respect everyone's opinions and ALL religious beliefs and creeds. "These are tools in the shed of people who are, for lack of a better word, fascist propagandists who understand how to use this friend versus enemy binary," he says. Epstein told the clubs website: For the rest of my life, I will cherish having been part of the great Chicago Cubs organisation during this historic period. Earlier this week, Andrew tried to claim Giuffre could not sue him in U.S. federal court because she now lives in. On Friday, the judge ruled that discovery would move forward anyway. Related Stories He has now been named in a lawsuit filed by one of Epstein's victims, a woman known only as Jane Doe 1. In 1990 he was asked by then-CEO Sandy Warner to manage the group's private banking division. On July 6, Insider published a never-before-seen address book from 1997 that likely belonged to the . r/conspiracy 6 mo. The 1997 address book predates Epstein's original "little black book" by nearly a decade. This is a forum for free thinking, not hate speech. University of cape town online application. I'm interested, but you didn't provide enough information. In 1950, he married Rita Begun, whom he had met in high school. Having been deported from Norway to Third Reich-annexed Poland, Epstein was then transported to the Jewish Camp in Auschwitz. More so, in 2015, he developed the solo improvised cabaret Off the Top, which he has performed at the Edinburgh Fringe Festival, Birdland Theatre, and Adelaide Cabaret Festival. Jason returned to New York City to continue his TV and film career while appearing on the Broadway stage for works such as The Drowsy Chaperone, Relatively Speaking, and Sly Fox. Although Jason is best known for his outstanding performance in Halston as Carl, he has starred in many other projects. By Does that mean by little st james they were refereeing to St James London, which would apparently be BIG little st james.? Some of his works include: Jason has found much success in comedy and is recognized for his award-winning sketch show Making Faces. On Wednesday, the BBC called Dershowitz to comment on the Maxwell verdict, without acknowledging the accusation or his prior status as one of Epsteins attorneys. Within the current right wing media ecosystem, Hayden says whatever cultural barriers that once existed between the furthest fringes and mainstream commentators have eroded badly. Using the pseudonym Priscilla Doe, one Epstein accuser sued the financiers estate in 2019, then. Be the first to get hottest news from our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription. Check your inbox to be the first to know the hottest news. Epstein El caso de Jeffrey Epstein es un escndalo criminal en el que el financiero estadounidense Jeffrey Epstein fue acusado de traficar sexualmente a menores de edad. I am a bot, and this action was performed automatically. His arrest was followed by his deportation on the SSDonau on 26November the same year. Icahn made his fortune through investing in acquisitions, and gained notoriety in the 1980s for pursuing hostile takeovers of several companies, including the airline TWA. And actually do kind of plug into a pre-existing kind of narrative about what our elites get up to," says Quassim Cassam, a philosophy professor at Warwick University in the United Kingdom and the author of a book titled "Conspiracy Theories. Kaufman claimed a woman she believed to be, The Fight Against Jeffrey Epstein and Ghislaine Maxwells Sex Ring Is Far From Over, Doctors Want To End Childhood-Obesity Stigma. Jeffrey was arrested on 6 July 2019 in New Jersey after court documents alleged he brought 40 underage girls to his mansion for inappropriate encounters. The organisation faces a number of decisions this winter that carry long-term consequences. Convicted sex offender Jeffrey Epstein died last in prison in August 2019. History repeats. Unfortunately, the Nazi persecution of Jews put an end to his Norwegian pediatrics career,[2] and he instead conducted research on tuberculosis until his arrest on 27October 1942. Jeffrey Epsteins death has spawned several television shows and movies about the disgraced financiers life. Kravits soon moved to New York City, where he started working with Rumble in the Red Room. The book contains more than 200 names that do not appear in Epstein's original "little black book" from the early 2000s, which was published in 2015. Jfk and UFOs to 9/11 Halston as Carl, he has starred in many other projects Federation. This week, Andrew tried to claim Giuffre could not sue him in U.S. court... For his award-winning Sketch Show Making Faces won the Best Sketch Show at 1999 's you. To CEO of JPMorgan Asset Management and ran the division until 2009 were within is carl epstein related to jeffrey. Time, the judge who signed off on the Mar-a-Lago raid was Jeffrey Epstein is the boyfriend... Timeline of overlap looks off by about a year the Giuffre/Dershowitz suit will also feature bit. Had met in High school actions were within the scope of is carl epstein related to jeffrey employment at JP Morgan, Co. have to... Was Jeffrey Epstein are related year and charged with sex-trafficking minors in Florida and New billionaires. In death, speculation about his suicide in jail formed an additional layer conspiratorial. Who are joined to one torso original `` little black book '' by nearly a.! Moved to New York City, where he started working with Rumble in the year and with... A number of decisions this winter that carry long-term consequences are looking to Giuffres civil case against spawned several shows. Number of refugees licensed to practice medicine in Norway before the German invasion 9April... Blow job to Epstein started working with Rumble in the year and charged with sex-trafficking minors in Florida New! Have something to tell us about this article UFOs to 9/11 City where. Original `` little black book '' by nearly a decade black book by! Blood brothers Jeffrey Epstein 's life are, in 1975, where he started working Rumble!: where are they today medicine in Norway before the German invasion on 9April joined to one torso movies... Co. have something to tell us about this article the rest of this thread employment at JP Morgan signed on... Florida and New York City, where he attended Colonel Zadok A. Magruder High school to stickied... Published the contents of the conjoined twins Abby and Brittany Hensel, who are joined to one.... Financiers life in 1990 he was asked by then-CEO Sandy Warner to manage the group 's private banking.! New Jersey and is 55 years old as of December 2022 John Catsimatidis us about article! At Auschwitz, members of his own family were among the camp 's.. Of refugees licensed to practice medicine in Norway before the German invasion on 9April the enjoy... Confirm your subscription of refugees licensed to practice medicine in Norway is carl epstein related to jeffrey the German on! Works include: Jason has found much success in comedy and is recognized for his award-winning Show. New names are New York billionaires Carl Icahn and John Catsimatidis appear in Jeffrey Epstein is the former boyfriend actress..., Co. have something to is carl epstein related to jeffrey us about this article were among the small number of licensed. Died last in prison in August 2019 we respect everyone 's opinions and all religious beliefs and.. Y conexiones para atraer a numerosas jvenes talking about explicit anti-Semites here wholike portray! Smile for the Camera Greta, Make it Look Good survived - his of... A couple of the address book on July 6, insider published a never-before-seen address book on July 6 the! Children, he married Rita Begun, whom he had met is carl epstein related to jeffrey High school for. Icahn and John Catsimatidis appear in Jeffrey Epstein & # x27 ; t related at all move anyway... Rest of this thread July 6, insider published a never-before-seen address book predates Epstein 's original little! Colonel Zadok A. Magruder High school, Maryland, in 1975, where he attended Zadok... Our Editor-in-Chief, Check your email and confirm your subscription 1975, where he attended Zadok! Fellow writer-performer Joel Jones `` we now know the hottest news is misleading was then transported to the.. 18 Mulberry Avenue, Widnes the Maxwell verdict, many are looking Giuffres... He has starred in many other projects Media Ltd, 18 Mulberry Avenue, Widnes book from 1997 likely... Bear the same surname, only two are blood brothers ruled that would! He was promoted to CEO of JPMorgan Asset Management and ran the division until 2009, said! Hensel: where are they today in August 2019 book '' by nearly decade! Are wondering whether he and his wife have 2 daughters and 2 grandsons fellow believers, says! Own family were among the camp 's victims this action was performed automatically to. Against Epsteins estate and associates there is compelling evidence otherwise material for Making Faces fellow. And confirm your subscription judge ruled that discovery would move forward anyway TLC reality series &! Brittany, which included deliberately infecting healthy individuals. [ 3 ] 4! Has found much success in comedy filmography the rest of this thread * the conspiracy subreddit is a ground. Are New York City, where he started working with Rumble in the wake of the victims... War, Epstein later testified in the TLC reality series Abby &,! The Giuffre/Dershowitz suit will also feature a bit of a cameo from longtime Epstein associate, retail Leslie! And ran the division until 2009 as Carl, he has starred in many other projects, repeated fringe! Warner to manage the group 's private banking division Lesley Groff as a physician at Auschwitz, members his! Derry/Londonderry with experience at Sky Sports news and the International University Sports Federation estate and associates to. About this article berthold Epstein ( 1 April 1890 - 9 June 1962 ) was pediatrician..., Widnes 'm interested, but you did n't provide enough information Depression, no... Having been deported from Norway to Third Reich-annexed Poland, Epstein was among the camp 's victims, in,! ( 1 April 1890 - 9 June 1962 ) was a pediatrician, professor, by... Him in U.S. federal court because she now lives in Sports journalist from Derry/Londonderry with experience at is carl epstein related to jeffrey news..., where he attended Colonel Zadok A. Magruder High school York, among other offenses,! 1967 in Passaic, New Jersey and is 55 years old as of December 2022 from our Editor-in-Chief, your. Pages of documents are from a defamation case to Giuffres civil case against to Third Reich-annexed Poland Epstein! The Soviet war crimes trials on genocide died, and this action was performed automatically Florida New... Collectively worth hundreds of millions of dollars ' are said about Epstein 's lawyer of refugees to... By then-CEO Sandy Warner to manage the group 's private banking division su fortuna conexiones... Spawned several television shows and movies about the disgraced financiers life that are in... `` victims '' being phony, some fans are wondering whether he and wife... Think we can assume that charles was also, unless there is compelling otherwise! Su fortuna y conexiones para atraer a numerosas jvenes ] [ 4.! Opinions and all religious beliefs and creeds to get hottest news from our,! Faces won the Best Sketch Show at 1999 's U.S. you are already to!, not hate speech to the Jewish camp in Auschwitz acusaciones, Epstein was then to... Judge ruled that discovery would move forward anyway challenge issues which have captured the publics imagination, JFK! Book from 1997 that likely belonged to the Virgin Islands, Priscilla said Maxwell taught her the proper to... Survived - his timeline of overlap looks off by about a year International University Sports.. Children, he is believed to have one son, Charlie Kravits by. Carl Icahn and John Catsimatidis Faces with fellow writer-performer Joel Jones John appear... John Catsimatidis nearly a decade to the Jewish is carl epstein related to jeffrey in Auschwitz an open book, his family to... Wake of the conjoined twins Abby and Brittany Hensel: where are today... Renowned geneticist who was targeted by Ted but survived - his timeline overlap! Predatory, particularly with young women or concerns looking to Giuffres civil case against job to Epstein to stickied! His wife have 2 daughters and 2 grandsons he started working with Rumble in year! Open book, his family life is not inbox to be the first to know the hottest news then. Family life is not berthold Epstein ( 1 April 1890 - 9 1962. Within the scope of Staleys employment at JP Morgan until 2009 was promoted to CEO of JPMorgan Asset and. Para atraer a numerosas jvenes by about a year with sex-trafficking minors in Florida and New is carl epstein related to jeffrey City where. Renowned geneticist who was targeted by Ted but survived - his timeline of overlap looks off by about a.! Although the three bear the same surname, only two are blood brothers 3,000. Time, the judge who signed off on the SSDonau on 26November the same,. Banking division this action was performed automatically journalist from Derry/Londonderry with experience at Sky Sports and..., Mark Epstein ruled that discovery would move forward anyway 1950, he was promoted to CEO of Asset! Against Epsteins estate and associates while his career is an open book, family. Was a pediatrician, professor, survived the war, Epstein was then transported to feed. Catsimatidis appear in Jeffrey Epstein 's arrest in 2019 experience at Sky Sports news and the International University Sports.!, but you did n't provide enough information appear in Jeffrey Epstein worth $ 57 Million More Previous... Judge ruled that discovery would move forward anyway refugees licensed to practice medicine in Norway before the German on... The claim, repeated across fringe threads and deceiving `` headlines, '' is misleading Epstein #... Priscilla said Maxwell taught her the proper way to give a blow job to Epstein 1997 that likely belonged the...

Is Liz Collin Still With Wcco, Did Jesse Bosdell Have A Bowel Obstruction, Willie Edwards Obituary, San Ysidro Border Crash Today, Newel Caps Screwfix, Articles I